introduction: n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptors play a pivotal role in the development of tolerance and physical dependence to opiates. activation of nmda receptors involves the induction of long term potentiation (ltp) in hippocampus. our previous study suggested that chronic oral administration of morphine enhanced nmda dependent ltp in the ca1 area of hippocampal slices of rats. the pres...

Both glutamate receptors and transporters are known to be important in the postsynaptic regulation of glutamate neurotransmission. However, the maturation profile of glutamate transporter EAAC1 and glutamate receptor subunits (NR1, NR2A and NR2B; and GluR 1-4) in functionally activated saccule-related vestibular nuclear neurons of postnatal rats remains unclear. In the present study, conscious ...

Both glutamate receptors and transporters are known to be important in the postsynaptic regulation of glutamate neurotransmission. However, the maturation profile of glutamate transporter EAAC1 and glutamate receptor subunits (NR1, NR2A and NR2B; and GluR 1-4) in functionally activated saccule-related vestibular nuclear neurons of postnatal rats remains unclear. In the present study, conscious ...

Introduction: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors play a pivotal role in the development of tolerance and physical dependence to opiates. Activation of NMDA receptors involves the induction of long term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampus. Our previous study suggested that chronic oral administration of morphine enhanced NMDA dependent LTP in the CA1 area of hippocampal slices of rats. The p...

Introduction: There is considerable evidence that glutamate-mediated excitatory neurotransmission plays an important role in mediating the behavioral actions of acutely administered ethanol. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of acute ethanol exposure on NR1 subunit of NMDA (n-methyl-d-aspartate) receptor distribution in the cerebral cortex of chick embryo on the 10th...

introduction: there is considerable evidence that glutamate-mediated excitatory neurotransmission plays an important role in mediating the behavioral actions of acutely administered ethanol. the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of acute ethanol exposure on nr1 subunit of nmda (n-methyl-d-aspartate) receptor distribution in the cerebral cortex of chick embryo on the 10th an...

Dopamine, via activation of D1 receptors, enhances N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated responses in striatal medium-sized spiny neurons. However, the role of specific NMDA receptor subunits in this enhancement remains unknown. Here we used genetic and pharmacological tools to dissect the contribution of NR1 and NR2A/B subunits to NMDA responses and their modulation by dopamine recepto...

Anticonvulsant activity of N-(p-aminobenzoyl)-1,2,3,4- tetrahydro-quinoline (NTQ), a newly synthesized ameltolide analog, was investigated with regards to efficacy and toxicity in mice. Additionally, its effect on NMDA receptors was also performed on NR1a/NR2B expressed in Xenopus oocytes. NTQ, given intraperitoneally, was able to protect the animals in both maximal electroshock seizure and pen...

introduction: zinc is an essential trace element that plays an important role in synaptic plasticity and modulating the activity of cns and involve in learning and memory. synaptic vesicle zinc in the hippocampus area exerting modulatory effects on nmda glutamate receptor. method: in this experiment the effects of nmda agonist and antagonist administration intra hippocampus on passive avoidance...